Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under late sown condition

Genetic variability and path analysis in wheat under late sown condition

Abstract

The crop improvement programme in wheat mainly depends on presence of higher genetic variability in the population or diverse parents for hybridization and for effective selection of desirable traits. Therefore it is eventually measure the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and other essential estimate of various parameters related to yield and yield attributing traits. The present investigation entitled "Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under late sown condition" was conducted at Nidharia Agriculture Farm of Shri Murli Manohar Town Post Graduate College Ballia, Uttar Pradesh during rabi season 2023-24. The present experiment consists of twenty two (22) genotypes and carried out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Results revealed that all the characters are highly significant except days to 50% flowering and rest of eleven characters are i.e. plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, flag leaf area (cm²), spike length (cm), biological yield (g), days to maturity, peduncle length (cm), number of grains per spike, test weight (g), harvest index (%) and grain yield per plant (g) showed that treatments are differ significantly. HTWYT-34 produced higher grain yield followed by SAWYT-346, HTWYT-45, SAWYT-302 and SAWYT-326 genotypes are significantly out yielded over remaining genotypes. The highest phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed in grain yield per plant followed by biological yield, number of tillers per plant, harvest index, flag leaf area, test weight, number of grain per spike, spike length, peduncle length, plant height and days to maturity, respectively .High heritability and high genetic advance was observed for biological yield per plant. Rest of the characters has high heritability and low genetic advance except peduncle length and spike length showed moderate heritability and low genetic advance. Grain yield per plant showed positive and highly significant correlation with numbers of tillers per plant, biological yield per plant and harvest index at both phenotypic and genotypic level. Flag leaf area, and spike length showed positive and significant correlation at genotypic level and positive and non-significant at phenotypic level.