Evaluation of Soil Test Methods for Available Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Direct-Seeded Rice–Wheat Cropping Sequence
Soil Test Methods for available NPK in DSR–Wheat Cropping Sequence
Keywords:
Available soil nitrogen, Available soil phosphorus, Available soil potassium, Direct-seeded rice, Mollisols, Soil test method, WheatAbstract
Evaluation of suitability for different soil test methods for the determination of available nutrients in soils is an important aspect to prescribe the nutrient doses for crops. This study aimed to obtain a simple and efficient soil test method for the determination of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Mollisols. Soil samples were collected before sowing of both the test crops i.e., direct-seeded rice and wheat in sequence to evaluate the soil test methods for available N, P and K. Methods used were organic carbon & alkaline KMnO4 for available nitrogen, Olsen’s-P, AB-DTPA & Mehlich-1 for available phosphorus and NH4OAc-K, AB-DTPA & Mehlich-1 for available potassium. Multiple regression equations of grain yield with several combinations of selected soil test methods applied nutrient doses and their interactions were worked out for both the crops. Suitability of these methods for given soil nutrients was evaluated by comparison of the R2 values of regression equations. Results showed that the R2 values of equations by using different combinations of soil test methods for the determination of available soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were highly significant in both the crops. But the variation in the magnitude of R2 values obtained for both the crops by using the combinations of different soil test methods is meagre. The highest R2 value for direct-seeded rice (0.442**) and wheat (0.898**) was found with the combination (OC, Olsen’s-P, ABDTPA-K) and (OC, Olsen’s-P, Mehlich-K) respectively. It showed that these combinations are more promising and superior over other methods.
Keywords: soil test method, direct-seeded rice, wheat, available soil nitrogen, available soil phosphorus, available soil potassium, Mollisols.
References
Arya A. 2019. Optimization of fertilizer doses through STCR approach for cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L var. botrytis) grown in Mollisols. Thesis, Ph. D. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. p189.
Bibiso M, Taddesse A M, Gebrekidan H and Melese A. 2015. Evaluation of universal extractants for determination of selected micronutrients from soil. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 29(2): 199-213.
Dhawan AS, Singh KD and Goswami NN. 1992. Suitability of soil test methods for rice and wheat under field conditions. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science. 40: 216-217.
Elrashidi MA, Alva, AK, Huand, YF, Calvert DV, Obreza T A. and He Z L. 2001. Accumulation and downward transport of phosphorus in Florida soils and relationship to water quality. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32: 3099–3119. doi:10.1081/CSS-120001110.
Elrashidi MA, Mays MD and Lee CE. 2003. Assessment of Mehlich 3 and ammonium bicarbonate–DTPA extraction for simultaneous measurement of 15 elements in soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 34: 2817–2838. doi:10.1081/CSS-120025208.
Gangola P, Gautam P and Singh S. 2017. Evaluation of soil test methods for available N, P and K for french bean and maize in a mollisol. International Journal of Basic and Applied Agricultural Research 15(1, 2): 23-27.
Gangola P. 2016. Soil test crop response studies in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Maize (Zea mays L.) cropping sequence. Thesis, Ph.D G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. p.203.
Gartley KL, Sims JT, Olsen CT and Chu P. 2002. Comparison of soil test extractants used in mid-Atlantic United States. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33(5-6): 873-895.
Hanway JJ and Heidel H. 1952. Soil analysis methods as used in Iowa state college soil testing laboratory. Iowa Agriculture 57: 1-31.
Kanaujia VK.2016. Effect of FYM and Fertilizers Nutrition on Production Potential, Nutrients Uptake and Soil Properties under Rice-Wheat Cropping System. Journal of AgriSearch 3(2):101-105.
Korcak R F and Fanning D S. 1978. Extractability of Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, and Zinc by Double Acid versus DTPA and Plant Content at Excessive Soil Levels. Journal of Environmental Quality 7(4): 506-512.
Kumar S. 2016. Soil test crop response studies for balanced fertilization of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in a Mollisols of Uttarakhand. Thesis, Ph.D. G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. 183 p.
Lakshminarayana K and Rajagopal V. 2000. Comparison of different methods for evaluation of available nitrogen. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 48(4): 797-802.
Luthra N. 2019. STCR approach for optimizing integrated plant nutrients supply to obtain better growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.), Thesis, M.Sc. G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar..74p.
Madurapperuma WS and Kumaragamage D. 2008. Evaluation of ammonium bicarbonate–diethylene triamine penta acetic acid as a multinutrient extractant for acidic lowland rice soils. Communications in soil science and plant analysis 39(11-12), 1773-1790.
Malathi P and Stalin P. 2018. Evaluation of AB-DTPA Extractant for Multinutrients Extraction in Soils. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science 7(3): 1192-1205
Mosi A D and Lakshminarayanan S. 1985. Development of soil test based recommendations for potassium- Tamilnadu experience. Proceedings of Group Discussion on Soil Testing Plant Analysis and Fertilizer Evaluation 22-23.
Njukeng NJ, Nkeng EG, Ehabe EE and Schnug E. 2013. A comparative study on the use of calcium acetate lactate, calcium chloride and acidic ammonium acetate-ethylene diaminetetra acetic acid (AAAc-EDTA) for the quantification of extractable P, K and Mg from acidic soils. International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 3: 22– 31 doi:10.9734/IRJPAC/2013/2600.
Olsen SR. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate (No. 939). US Dept. of Agriculture.
Pant PK 2010. Studies on soil test crop response correlation in scented rice grown in a Mollisol of Uttarakhand. Thesis, M.Sc. G.B.P.U.A &T, Pantnagar. 102 p.
Prasad R. 1994. Evaluation of methods for available N, P and K for rice and maize under field condition in inceptisol. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 42(2): 318-320.
Rodriguez Suarez J A, Arias M, Lopez E and Soto B. 2007. Comparison of Multi-element to Single-Element Extractants for Macro and Micronutrients in Acid Soils from Spain. Communications in soil science and plant analysis 39(1-2): 231-240.
Sharma S K, Sharma A, Rana S and Kumar N. 2018. Evaluation of multi-nutrient extractants for determination of available P, K, and micronutrient cations in soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition 1-11.
Soltanpour P A and Schwab A P. 1977. A new soil test for simultaneous extraction of macro-and micro-nutrients in alkaline soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 8(3): 195-207.
Subbiah A V and Asija G L. 1956. A rapid procedure for assessment of available nitrogen in rice plots, Current Science 31: 196-200.
Velayuthan M, Sankar M G R and Reddy K C K. 1984. Soil test-crop response research work in India for fertilizer recommendation. In International Symposium on Soil Test Crop Response Correlation Studies, Dhaka (Bangladesh), 7-10 Feb 1984. SSSB.
Walkley A and Black IA. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil science 37(1): 29-38.
Bharati RC and Singh AK. 2019. Predicting rice production using autoregressive integrated moving average model. Journal of AgriSearch 6(4):205-210.
Meena BL, Singh AK, Phogat BS and Sharma HB.2016.Improving wheat and soil productivity through integrated nutrient management (INM) and efficient planting system (EPS).Journal of AgriSearch 3(3): 147-156.
