Crop weather relationship of turmeric under different mulching practices
Crop weather relationship of turmeric
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v11i01.14769Keywords:
Micrometeorological modification, Mulches, Phenophases, Planting dates, yieldAbstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is also known as “golden spice” or “Indian saffron,” is an important spice crop that originated and is cultivated in India. It is an annual herbaceous crop and belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. Weather is one of the most important independent variables in turmeric production. A field experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture, KAU, Vellanikkara, under the department of Agricultural Meteorology from 2020 to 2021. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four different dates of planting (D1-1st May, D2-15th May, D3-1st June and D4-15th June) as the main plot treatments and four different mulches (M1-white polythene mulch, M2-black polythene mulch, M3-paddy straw mulch and M4-green leaf mulch) as subplot treatments. The whole crop period was divided into four phenophases viz. planting to 100% germination, 100% germination to initiation of active tillering, active tillering to bulking and bulking to physiological maturity. The effect of planting dates and mulches on yield was found to be significant. May 1st and May 15th dates of planting had produced more yield and they were on par. Paddy straw mulch produced a superior yield among mulching treatments. The decrease in maximum temperature, bright sunshine hours and evaporation, as well as the increase in minimum temperature, forenoon relative humidity and rainfall during the bulking stage enhanced the yield of the turmeric crop.
References
Ishimine Y, Hossain MA, Motomura K, Akamine H and Hirayama T.2004. Effects of planting date on emergence, growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in Okinawa Prefecture, Southern Japan. Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture 48(1):10-16.
Kandiannan K and Chandaragiri KK.2006. Influence of varieties, dates of planting, spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 76(7):432-434.
Kandiannan K, Chandaragiri KK and Anandaraj M.2015. Models to elucidate crop-weather association in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Journal of Agrometeorology 13(6):49-58.
Kaur A and Brar AS.2016. Influence of mulching and irrigation scheduling on productivity and water use of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in north-western India. Irrigation Science 34(4):261-269.
Kumar D, Pandey V and Nath V.2008. Effect of organic mulches on moisture conservation for rainfed turmeric production in mango orchard. Indian Journal of Soil Conservation 36(3):188-191.
Kumar V, Jain KK, Kumar S and Kumhar BL.2018. Impact of different pruning of Dalbergia sissoo and different date of planting of turmeric on growth and yield. international journal of forestry and crop improvement 9(1):29-32.
Rair ABS, Chhina GS, and Chatha HS.2011. Response of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) to plant architecture and mulching in term of growth and rhizomes yield in Punjab. Journal of Progressive Agriculture 11(2):450-452.
R Studio Team.2020. RStudio: Integrated Development for R. RStudio, PBC, Boston, MA URL http://www.rstudio.com/.
Thankamani CK, Kandiannan K, Hamza S and Saji KV.2016. Effect of mulches on weed suppression and yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Scientia Horticulturae 207:125-130.
