Hydrological behaviour studies through morphometric characteristics of Panchane watershed in Harohar subbasin, India

Hydrological behaviour of Panchane watershed

Abstract

A comprehensive morphometric analysis of the Panchane watershed, located within the Harohar sub-basin of the Middle Gangetic Plains in India were carried out using RS & GIS techniques to investigate the hydrological dynamics and terrain characteristics of the watershed to provide valuable insights for watershed management and conservation efforts. The results indicated that overall, the watershed is of 4^th order with dendritic to sub-dendritic drainage pattern, showed an extensive network of streams with high stream density, facilitating efficient water flow and distribution. However geomorphological, lithological, land use/land cover, hydrologic soil group and slope characteristics of that watershed provided the favourable conditions for construction of water harvesting structures. Additionally, the elongated shape of the watershed (form factor: 0.27; shape factor: 3.67; circulatory and elongation ratio of 0.16 & 0.59, respectively) suggested potential low relief characteristics, influencing water flow patterns. However, the compact nature of the watershed, as highlighted by the compactness coefficient (2.5), may impact its vulnerability to environmental stressors. Despite efficient drainage and prompt response to rainfall events, rugged terrain (texture ratio and drainage texture of 2.54 & 4.23, respectively) posed challenges to water flow and harvesting techniques. This study contributed to the understanding of hydrological dynamics in the Middle Gangetic Plains and underscores the importance of informed decision-making in watershed management and conservation.