Evaluation of ground water quality for irrigation and drinking purposes from Dighalbank block, Kishanganj district, Bihar

Evaluation of ground water quality for irrigation and drinking purposes

Abstract

Hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater has been conducted in Dighalbnk Blocks of Kishanganj district. Ground water sample were analysed and determining in this area.  GPS based collected fifteen groundwater samples were analysed their chemical properties using standard laboratory methods. The constituents have the following ranges in the water: pH 4.63–5.53, electrical conductivity 0.12–0.94 dsm^-1, total hardness 128–758 mg/l, Ca²⁺ 4.2– 222.6 mg/l, Na⁺ 22.44–272.54 mg/l, Mg²⁺ 25.76– 147.59 mg/l,  Na⁺ 1.2-4.1 mg/l,  Fe⁺2.08-3.76 mg/l whereas WHO (2004) standard level is 0.3 mg/l, CO₃^-- 0.0 HCO₃^—0.061–0.366 mg/l, Cl- 15.9–48.5 mg/l, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 0.10-0.39, residual sodium carbonate (RSC) ( -327.0 ) –(-35.2) ,magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) were found ranges between 28.6 -67.0.The values of Sodium Adsorption Ratio indicate and electrical conductivity that the groundwater of the area falls under the category of low sodium hazard and salt concentration. So, there is neither salinity nor toxicity problem of irrigation water, and hence the ground water can safely be used for long-term irrigation. The iron concentration was found higher in water samples on the basis of WHO (2004) guideline maximum samples found not suitable for the drinking purpose.